Instance Document Attributes
The W3C XML Schema Language defines four attributes in the http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
namespace (here mapped to the xsi prefix), which are attached to elements in the
instance document rather than elements in the schema.
These are as follows: xsi:nil,
xsi:type, xsi:schemaLocation, and xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation. All four of
these attributes are special because the schemas do not need to
declare them.
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