History of XML

Before discussing XML and what it can do for you, let’s go back a few years and look into the history of XML. Back in 1986, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) standard. SGML is a meta-language that describes how to embed formatting commands inside of a document. It was purposely designed to be very general to provide maximum flexibility. However, this came at the price of a very complicated standard. As a result, it became a very powerful and complicated language—in fact, one of my references stated that very few (if any) software packages were ever able to completely implement the SGML standard. SGML achieved some success in government and the ...

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