Odoo has the ability to manage multiple companies within the same database. This feature allows you to consolidate some of your system administration and manage more complex operations. As a general rule, multiple-company configuration is an advanced topic. You should be very comfortable working with single-company configurations before you begin looking into multiple-company configurations. When managing operations, Odoo's warehouse management and analytic accounting abilities are often preferable to configuring multiple companies.
A good general rule is that if a company is not a separate legal entity then it should not be set up as part of multiple companies in Odoo. However, every business requirement is different, ...