Data on the web is transferred using the HTTP/HTTPS application layer protocol. Normal communication in HTTP follows a request/response model, where the communication between a client and a server is coordinated by a set of rules. The client requests for a certain resource to the server and then receives a status code that specifies the current status of the requested resource. If available then, the resource is also sent along with the status code, else the client would receive a not-available status code.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
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