6.2. TOOLS FOR DATA GATHERING
6.2.1. Sampling
Counting everything that goes on in a process can be very expensive and a logistical nightmare. Luckily, as the pollsters will tell you, you can count a relatively few items and draw conclusions about all of them. (Okay, polls can be wrong, so you have to do sampling carefully). Sampling can save money and time and still give you excellent data to measure or to analyze a problem.
6.2.2. Operational Definitions
Measurement is meaningless if people don't count and/or categorize things the same way. An operational definition is a clear, detailed, and understandable description of how to interpret data or events in your process, allowing you to gather data consistently and not end up with "apples and ...
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