Web Technology: Theory and Practice

2.2 HTML

HTML is the predominant mark-up language for the web on the client side. It defines how a resource is linked together and organized. Though the term HTML refers specifically to text, in practice it has broadened to also refer to other resources like audio, images, files, or any other object. A web server or an application server communicates with the client through HTML, which is the language that a browser understands. Like the other technologies, HTML too has evolved over the years. It originated in the mid-1980s from SGML, first appearing as about a dozen tags in 1991. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) initialized the first organized effort to standardize HTML with HTML 2.0 around 1995. Then the W3C took over standardization ...