Web Standards Programmer's Reference: HTML, CSS, JavaScript®, Perl, Python®, and PHP

D.3. Operators

The following tables detail the various operators present in the Perl language.

D.3.1. Perl Arithmetic Operators

Operator	Use
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
%	Modulus
**	Exponent
++	Increment
--	Decrement

D.3.2. Perl Assignment Operators

Operator	Use
=	Assignment
+=	Increment assignment
-=	Decrement assignment
*=	Multiplication assignment
/=	Division assignment
%=	Modulus assignment
**=	Exponential assignment
.=	String concatenation assignment

D.3.3. Perl Comparison Operators

Operator	Use
==	Numeric is equal to
!=	Numeric is not equal to
>	Numeric is greater than
<	Numeric is less than
>=	Numeric is greater than or equal to
<=	Numeric is less than or equal to
eq	String equality
ne	String nonequality
gt	String greater than
lt	String less than
ge	String greater than or equal to
le	String less than or equal to

D.3.4. Perl Logical Operators

Operator	Use
&&	And
||	Or
!	Not

D.3.5. Perl Bitwise Operators

Operator	Use
&	And
|	Or
^	Xor
~	Not
<<	Left shift
>>	Right shift

D.3.6. Perl Miscellaneous Operators

Operator	Use
.	Object/property/method separator
?	Condition operator
delete	Delete specified object
new	Create new object
this	Reference current object
ref	Type of object (number, string, and so on)
void	Evaluate expression without return value

D.3.7. String Operators

Operator	Use
.	Concatenation
x	Repetition

D.3.8. String Tokens

Token	Character
\b	Backspace
\e	Escape
\t	Horizontal tab
\n	Line feed
\v	Vertical tab
\f	Form feed
\r	Carriage return
\"	Double quote
\'	Single quote
\$	Dollar sign
\@	At sign
\\	Backslash