1 Also known as Fight or Flight and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) reaction.
2 The seminal work on “fight or flight” is Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage: An Account of Recent Research into the Function of Emotional Excitement by Walter Cannon, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1929. The updated construction — freeze-flight-fight-forfeit — builds on proposals presented in The Psychology of Fear and Stress by Jeffrey Alan Gray, Cambridge University Press, 1988, and “Does ‘Fight or Flight’ Need Updating?” by H. Stefan Bracha, Tyler C. Ralston, Jennifer M. Matsukawa, et al., Psychosomatics, October 2004, vol. 45, p. 448–449.
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