1 Also known as factor of ignorance.
2 Note that different elements within a system can observe different factors of safety. For example, a wing on an aircraft may apply a factor of safety that is much greater than the factor of safety applied to less critical elements.
3 See, for example, To Engineer Is Human: The Role of Failure in Successful Design, Macmillan, 1985; and Design Paradigms: Case Histories of Error and Judgment in Engineering, Cambridge University Press, 1994, both by Henry Petroski.
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