1 The seminal works on defensible space are Defensible Space: People and Design in the Violent City, Macmillan, 1972; and Creating Defensible Space, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1996, both by Oscar Newman.

2 “Territorial Cues and Defensible Space Theory: The Burglar’s Point of View” by Julie E. MacDonald and Robert Gifford, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1989, vol. 9, p. 193–205.

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