1 The seminal work on visibility is The Design of Everyday Things by Donald Norman, Doubleday, 1990.

2 The enormity of the number of visibility conditions is why visibility is among the most violated of the design principles—it is, quite simply, difficult to accommodate all of the possibilities of complex systems.

Get Universal Principles of Design, Revised and Updated now with the O’Reilly learning platform.

O’Reilly members experience books, live events, courses curated by job role, and more from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers.