mod_alias
mod_alias manipulates the URLs of incoming HTTP requests, such as redirecting a client request to another URL. It also can map a part of the file system into your web hierarchy. For example, the following fetches contents from the /home/wsb/graphics directory for any URL that starts with /images/:
Alias /images/ /home/wsb/graphics/
This is done without the client knowing anything about it. If you use a redirection, the client is instructed to go to another URL to find the requested content. You can accomplish more advanced URL manipulation with mod_rewrite.
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