Identify Key Issues of Cryptography, and Be Able to Explain Basic Cryptographic Methods in Use Today

Cryptography refers broadly to any technique for hiding information. It derives from the Greek word kryptos, which means hidden. Encryption is a type of cryptography that involves applying some scheme or algorithm to convert plain text (intelligible to anyone) into ciphertext (“scrambled” text that cannot be understood except by those who have the key, or means to unscramble or decrypt it—even if they know the algorithm that was used to encrypt it). The original purpose of cryptography was to enable secret communications. The idea was that if the communication were intercepted by someone other than its intended recipient, it could not be read ...

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