Chapter 3

Radio Basics for UHF RFID

3.1 Electromagnetic Waves

Recent estimates by cosmological folks suggest that around 95% of the mass in the universe is composed of dark matter and more-recently-minted dark energy, about which essentially nothing is known. Dark matter and dark energy don’t appear to interact with our alternately glowing and dusty stuff except through gravitational means. Folks made of dark matter (if such were to exist) couldn’t watch reruns of American Idol even if you forced them: they don’t have any means of interacting with the broadcast signal, and probably don’t want to pay for cable.

For those condemned to the world of baryons and leptons, electromagnetic waves are a fact of life. In most textbooks on electromagnetic theory, ...

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