The Psychology Book

IN CONTEXT

APPROACH

Social learning theory

BEFORE

1938 B.F. Skinner proposes the behaviorist notion of operant conditioning, which explores positive and negative reinforcements in learning.

1939 US psychologist John Dollard argues that aggression is always a consequence of frustration, and that frustration always leads to aggression.

AFTER

1966 American psychologist Leonard Berkowitz claims environmental cues, such as those associated with aggressive behavior, must be present for aggression to follow anger.

1977 US psychologist Robert A. Baron suggests that Bandura’s experiment implies that violence in the media contributes to violence in society.

In the ...