124 Serial Position Effects

Things presented at the beginning and end of a sequence are more memorable than things presented in the middle.

• Things presented first generally have the greatest influence; they are not only better recalled, but influence the interpretation of later items. For example, words presented early in sentences have more impact than words presented later.

• Things presented last are more memorable when the presentations are separated in time, and a person is recalling information or making a selection soon after the last presentation.

• Use serial position effects to increase recall or influence the selection of specific items. Present important items at the beginning or end of a sequence in order to maximize recall.

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