The Performance Management Revolution

Appendix . Glossary

Balanced Scorecard	A performance‐achievement framework developed by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton that required performance‐measurement systems to identify measures and objectives related to four perspectives: financial, customer, internal process and learning, and growth.
Basel II	An effort by international banking supervisors to update the original international bank capital accord (Basel I), which has been in effect since 1988. The revised accord aims to improve the consistency of capital regulations internationally, make regulatory capital more risk sensitive, and promote enhanced risk‐management practices among large, internationally active banking organizations.
Business Intelligence (BI)	Knowledge gained through the access and analysis of business information.
Business Intelligence Tools	The tools and technologies used to access and analyze business information. They include tools for query and reporting, OLAP (online analytical processing), data mining and advanced analytics, end‐user tools for ad hoc query and analysis, enterprise‐class query, analysis, and reporting, including dashboards, for performance‐monitoring and production reporting against all enterprise data sources.
Enterprise Performance Management	A category of technologies and practices that enables organizations to translate strategies into plans, monitor execution, and provide insight to improve financial and operational performance. The research and analyst firm Gartner describes this ...