18      E-Mail and Privacy

The United States has a rich tradition of protecting an individual’s privacy rights. This protection can be traced to the Fourth Amendment, which guarantees

the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrant shall be issued, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath of affirmation, and particularly describing the places to be searched, and the persons and things to be seized.1

California, Washington, and some other states also provide privacy guarantees within their constitutions. In California, for example, “All people by nature are free and independent and have inalienable rights. Among these are enjoying ...

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