1.9 Electromagnetic Excitation
Let 
be an 
matrix equation constructed using MOM. The excitation vector 
is obtained by testing the incident electric and magnetic fields, i.e., it contains integrals in the form of
where 
is the spatial support of the testing function 
for 
. Different types of excitations can be used, as described below.
1.9.1 Plane-Wave Excitation
A common excitation used in numerical simulations, e.g., RCS computations, is the plane-wave illumination. A plane wave propagating in the 
direction with the electric field polarized in the 
direction () can be written as
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