1.2. Parallel operators

The syntax seen in the previous section is enough to describe the communications of any sequential process, and in particular the actions of any single participant in a protocol. These components are relatively easy to understand as we can see the sequences of actions and states that they go through: at any time a component is simply in one of the states we have defined.

Things become far more interesting when we put a number of these in parallel, as it is usually far harder to understand what happens when they interact with each other. A state of the entire system is composed of one state of each component, so the number of possible states increases exponentially with the size of the network – this quickly gets beyond ...

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