2. The Formal Elements of Drawing

Whether you draw a line made with a celery stalk dipped in ink or your reliable pencil, you’re creating a versatile yet fundamental visual element—line. Use line to draw a pineapple and you’ve created a shape. Add tone, color, texture or pattern to that image of a pineapple, and you’re employing the other formal elements of fine art and design to develop your drawing. Each element contributes to expression. Drawing landscapes, faces, or anything from your imagination or observation demands an exploration of each of these formal elements.

Line

Hold a pen in your hand and move it across a page. You drew a line. Draw the letter “S”. That’s a curved line. Dip your finger in chocolate sauce and draw a lightning bolt ...

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