Introduction

It is all about the money – mainly

Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure nineteen nineteen six, result happiness.

Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure twenty pounds ought and six, result misery.

This quote from the classic novel David Copperfield by Charles Dickens says it all. It is the bottom line for you and me in our personal finance. And it is the bottom line in business finance.

As an entrepreneur or manager, your job is to contribute to the bottom line, to ensure that income exceeds expenditure and happiness ensues. If you are an entrepreneur you will be painfully aware of this pressing detail of business life. For managers in larger corporations, the bottom line often becomes buried under the pressures ...

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