Chapter 9

Where is Cyber Warfare Headed?

Information in this chapter:

• Technology-Based Trends

• Policy-Based Trends

• How to Defend in Today’s Contested Virtual Environment

Technology has had impacts on warfare throughout history. Some caused a “Revolution in Military Affairs” (RMA), also known as “Military Technical Revolutions,” like gunpowder, nuclear bombs, and space platforms. Others have caused paradigm shifts in organizational structures and doctrine such as airplanes, submarines, and machineguns. Some innovations have been transformational like stirrups, precision strike munitions, and radios. Some inventions were designed for the military while others like internal combustion engines, railways and information technology advances ...

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