Oh No, the Data Doesn’t Fit into Memory!

As mentioned earlier, all objects in an R session are stored in memory. R places a limit of 231−1 bytes on the size of any object, regardless of word size (32-bit versus 64-bit) and the amount of RAM in your machine. However, you really should not consider this an obstacle. With a little extra care, applications that have large memory requirements can indeed be handled well in R. Some common approaches are chunking and using R packages for memory management.

Chunking

One option involving no extra R packages at all is to read in your data from a disk file one chunk at a time. For example, suppose that our goal is to find means or proportions of some variables. We can use the skip argument in read.table() ...

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