An alter can be executed on an empty columnar partitioned table; a table with data needs to be rebuilt.
In the explain of the query, look for the following when dealing with column level partitioned tables:
/*explain of column partitioned table*/We do an all‐AMPs RETRIEVE step from X column partitions (XXcontexts) of <columnartable> using covering CP merge Spool 2 (2 subrowpartitions and Last Use)