In mathematics, a convolution is a function that is applied over the output of another function. In our case, we will consider applying a matrix multiplication (filter) across an image. For our purposes, we consider an image to be a matrix of numbers. These numbers may represent pixels or even image attributes. The convolution operation we will apply to these matrices involves moving a filter of fixed width across the image and applying element-wise multiplication to get our result.
See the following diagram for a conceptual understanding of how image convolution can work:
Figure 1: How a convolutional filter applied across an ...
