TCP/IP Sockets and Socket Pairs: Process and Connection Identification
In this chapter, I have discussed the key difference between addressing at the level of IP and addressing with regard to application processes. To summarize, at layer 3 an IP address is all that is really important for properly transmitting data between IP devices. In contrast, application protocols must be concerned with the port assigned to each instance of the application so that the protocols can properly use TCP or UDP.
So, the overall identification of an application process actually uses the combination of the IP address of the host it runs on—or the network interface over which it is talking, to be more precise—and the port number that has been assigned to it. This combined ...
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