Chapter 1. Introduction
In the early 1980’s U.S. companies dramatically increased the outsourcing of manufacturing, raw materials, components and services to foreign countries. Around that time, the term “supply chain” was coined to recognize the increased importance of a variety of business disciplines that were now much more challenging to manage as a result of the new global economy. Prior to that time, functions such as purchasing, transportation, warehousing, etc were isolated and at fairly low levels in organizations.
Since that time we’ve seen the creation of the internet and various business technologies such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, advanced planning systems (APS) and radio frequency ID (RFID), to name a few, which ...
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