Summary
Several anomalies existed on the early Internet because of prohibitive restrictions posed by the core routing architecture. These anomalies, namely extra hop and hidden network anomalies, necessitated a design change in the prevailing routing architecture and resulted in the creation of ASs. Each AS provided the freedom to design and manage networks internally while maintaining a standard routing mechanism for communication between ASs. Such diverse routing requirements resulted in the creation of separate routing protocols for communication within and outside the AS. Interior Gateway Protocols were used to route datagrams within an AS while Exterior Gateway Protocols were used for inter-AS communication.
Three types of IGP implementations ...
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