Chapter 5

Microphones

 

 

 

 

A microphone converts sound energy into its electrical analogue – and should do this without changing the information content in any important way. A microphone should therefore do three things:

for normal sound levels it must produce an electrical signal that is well above its own electrical noise level;

for normal sound levels the signal it produces must be substantially undistorted;

for a particular sound source it should respond almost equally to all significant audio frequencies present.

In current high-quality microphones the first two objectives are easily met, although to achieve a signal that can be transmitted cleanly even along the lead of the microphone may need a transformer or amplifier so close ...

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