Free-Format Data

So far, we have worked with raw data that is in fixed fields. In doing so, we used column input to read standard data values in fixed fields. We have also used formatted input to read both standard and nonstandard data in fixed fields.
Suppose you have raw data that is free-format. That is, it is not arranged in fixed fields. The fields are often separated by blanks or by some other delimiter, as shown below. In this case, column input and formatted input that you might have used before to read standard and nonstandard data in fixed fields will not enable you to read all of the values in the raw data file.
Raw Data in Free-Format That Is Separated by Blanks

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