Appendix A
High-definition Versus Standard-definitionVideo Formats
Standard definition (SD) refers to the “legacy,” old video viewing, storage, and transmission systems, represented by NTSC, PAL, and SECAM when color TV was introduced in the 1950s. When digital video (DV) was introduced, these legacy systems were represented by a pixel (PIcture(X) ELement) grid digitizing the video content. Tied closely with their legacy, they are limited by the refresh and frame rates of NTSC and PAL (29.97 fps and 25 fps, respectively) as well as the low bandwidth (amount of information per unit of time) of 4 to 6 MHz and the limited number of scan lines allocated (525 and 625, respectively).
Due to limitations from the 1950s and 1960s, not all these ...
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