Chapter 2
Electromagnetic Fields and Waves
In this chapter we will recall the basic electric and magnetic field quantities. We start with the static—non time-varying—case and highlight the relation between electromagnetic field quantities and circuit variables like voltage and current. A full description of time-varying electromagnetic fields is given by Maxwell's equations in combination with additional boundary conditions. Finally we discuss important solutions of Maxwell's equations that are necessary for the understanding of high-frequency behaviour of technical components like transmission lines and antennas.
Our discussion on electromagnetic theory is limited to fundamental aspects. More detailed treatments on this topic can be found in [1–6].
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