Reliability and Failure of Electronic Materials and Devices, 2nd Edition

Appendix

Values of Selected Physical Constants

Constant	Symbol	Value
Absolute zero of temperature	−273.2 °C
Avogadro's number	NA	6.023 × 1023/mol
Boltzmann's constant	k	1.381 × 10−23 J/K
8.620 × 10−5 eV/K
Electronic charge	q	1.602 × 10−19 C
Electron mass	me	9.110 × 10−31 kg
Faraday's constant	F	9.649 × 104 C/mol
Gas constant	R	1.987 cal/mol-K
8.314 J/mol-K
Gravitational acceleration	g	9.806 m/s
Permittivity of vacuum	εo	8.854 × 10−12 F/m
Planck's constant	h	6.626 × 10−34 J-s
Velocity of light in vacuum	c	2.998 × 108 m/s