Appendix 1A Linux Primer
The most popular operating system for the Pi is Linux, especially the Debian Linux distribution (Raspbian). If you’ve worked exclusively with operating systems such as Windows or Mac OS X until now, Linux might produce a little culture shock for you, mainly because on Linux systems the graphical user interface (GUI) is optional. That means you can run a Linux system without using a mouse and without double-clicking colorful icons.
Still, you need a way to interact with the system, and on Linux you have to use a shell for this purpose. A shell is a program that awaits your commands via a keyboard and passes them to the operating system (Linux). After Linux has run the command, the shell passes the results back to you. ...
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