1. Creational Design Patterns in Python

Creational design patterns are concerned with how objects are created. Normally we create objects by calling their constructor (i.e., calling their class object with arguments), but sometimes we need more flexibility in how objects are created—which is why the creational design patterns are useful.

For Python programmers, some of these patterns are fairly similar to each other—and some of them, as we will note, aren’t really needed at all. This is because the original design patterns were primarily ...

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