Chapter Summary
This chapter provides the foundations of public-key cryptology. The long compilation of mathematical concepts presented in the chapter would be indispensable for understanding the topics that follow in the next chapters.
This chapter begins with the basic concepts of sets, functions and relations. We also present the fundamental axioms of mathematics. Although the curricula of plus-two courses of many examination boards do include these topics, we planned to have a discussion on them in order to make our treatment self-sufficient.
Next comes a study of groups which are sets with binary operations satisfying some nice properties (associativity, identity, inverse and optionally commutativity). Groups are extremely important for ...
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