Introduction

The Java platform is arguably one of the most powerful and widely adopted ecosystems today. It has three significant pieces:

  • The Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which has become increasingly powerful and more performant over the years

  • The Java Development Kit (JDK), the rich set of third-party libraries and frameworks that help us effectively leverage the power of the platform

  • The set of languages on the JVM—the Java language being the first—that help us program the platform

Languages are like vehicles that let us navigate the platform. They let us reach into various parts of this landscape with ease. The Java language has come a long way; its libraries have been refactored and expanded. It’s gotten us this far, but we need to look ...

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