Specifying a Type
A type is simply a subset of all possible values in a language. For example, the type integer means all the possible integer values, but excludes lists, binaries, PIDs, and so on.
The basic types in Elixir are any, atom, char_list (a single-quoted string), float, fun, integer, map, none, pid, port, reference, and tuple.
The type any (and its alias, _) is the set of all values, and none is the empty set.
A literal atom or integer is the set containing just that value.
The value nil can be represented as [] or nil.
Collection Types
A list is represented as [type], where type is any of the basic or combined types. This notation does not signify a list of one element—it simply says that elements of the list will be of the given ...
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