Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes: Theory and Signal Processing Applications

GREEK SYMBOLS

α	pdf scale parameter or algorithm step-size parameter
α c	1−α c = confidence level (confidence interval)
α s	significance level (hypothesis testing)
α n,m	gain factor of constant modulus array
β	location, scale, shape parameter of beta distribution, “leakage” factor of least-mean-square algorithm, or roll-off factor of raised-cosine pulse
	constant modulus array shift factor
γ	Euler–Mascheroni constant: 0.57721566490153286060…
γ 1	skewness
γ 2	kurtosis (excess)
γ (a, b)	lower incomplete gamma function
	mth-order reflection coefficient
	gamma function
	upper incomplete gamma function
δ	small positive quantity
δ (x), δ (x−y), δ (x, y)	Dirac delta function
δ [m], δ [m−n]	Kronecker delta function
	Dirac measure of set A
Δ	matrix determinant or quantization interval
	number of concordant pairs minus number of discordant pairs of ...