D.2 RIEMANN–STIELTJES INTEGRAL
The Riemann–Stieltjes integral is a generalization of the Riemann integral where the subintervals 
of the Riemann sum in (D.3) are replaced as follows:
(D.13) 
where h(x) is a nondecreasing function. In this way, different weightings can be assigned to the subintervals in the partition on the x-axis. This integration is performed with respect to the real function h(x); the original function g(x) is still called the integrand, and h(x) is known as the integrator. The Riemann–Stieltjes integral RS is defined in a manner similar to the Riemann integral R as follows: there exists 
for every 
such that
(D.14) 
where 
. The following notation is used for the Riemann–Stieltjes integral on [a, b]:
(D.15) 
If the function has negative parts, then the integral for each ...
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