HOW OD IS RELATED TO THE HR FIELD
Organization development (OD) may be regarded as part of a larger human resource (HR) field that is unified in its focus on people—primarily people in organizational settings. However, OD’s central focus differs from that of other HR fields. Yet, it is worth considering the relationship between OD and this field, because OD activities are affected by—and, in turn, affect—other HR activities.
Leonard Nadler (1980, 1989) is one prominent authority who made an early attempt to explain these relationships. He distinguished between human resource development (HRD), human resource management (HRM), and human resource environment (HRE) activities. Taken together, they encompass all HR fields. In Chapter Four, Rothwell ...
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