SUMMARY

A model for change serves as a compass to guide managers and consultants as they lead or facilitate change efforts. These models are best understood as a simplified representation of the general steps in initiating and carrying out a change process. This chapter reviewed numerous models for change…some old, some evolving.
Critical research was the first model. Stemming ultimately from Marxist practices, CR is similar to a dialectic approach to change in which opposing positions are used to power change. Critical research drives change from the natural tension that develops between what people believe should be happening and what they believe is actually happening. The basic thrust of CR is to identify this discrepancy and use it ...

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