Chapter 2. Ultra-Large-Scale Integration and Power Challenges

An integrated circuit, as the name implies, is a group of interconnected electronic devices in close proximity on a substrate that provides mechanical support and electrical connectivity. Integrated circuits are also called microelectronic circuits, microchips, or simply chips, referring to pieces of a semiconductor wafer integrating such circuits. In its most common usage, an integrated circuit (IC) refers to a monolithic (in the same block, or on the same piece) integrated collection of microscopic electronic devices.

The terms small-scale integration (SSI), medium-scale integration (MSI), large-scale integration (LSI), very-large-scale integration (VLSI), and ultra-large-scale ...

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