Chapter 5

Human–Computer Interface in Pervasive Environments

Human–computer interaction (HCI) bridges the physical world and the digital world, providing communication channels for humans to send requests to and fetch responses from computer systems. Traditional HCI is restricted to a one–one mode where only one user interacts with one device (such as a personal computer) through a few communication channels such as a mouse and a keyboard. However, in past decades, technological development has diversified the devices with which humans interact (e.g., personal digital assistant [PDA], smartphone, tablet computer, etc.) and the modalities by which humans interact (e.g., speech, gesture, touch, etc.). For this reason, users now require HCIs to ...

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