Twentieth Century Organizations: A Historical Perspective
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the American industrial workforce, having recently shifted focus from its agrarian origins, saw the rise of trade associations made up of craftsmen. Consumer products were made by the singular endeavors of individuals. The entire development and delivery process of product design, production, testing, measurement of quality standards, delivery, and follow-up support was provided by a single individual. Along with great individual skill and pride of workmanship, there were hidden costs in this means of production, as later techniques would show.
The vision of early twentieth century industrialists, most notably Henry Ford, ushered in the idea ...
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