Name

SHUTDOWN

Synopsis

SHUTDOWN
   [NORMAL | IMMEDIATE |
     TRANSACTIONAL [LOCAL] | ABORT]

The SHUTDOWN command allows you to stop an Oracle instance. In order to use SHUTDOWN, you must be connected as SYSDBA, SYSOPER, or INTERNAL (INTERNAL is not supported beginning with Oracle9i). For example:

SHUTDOWN
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE

Parameters

NORMAL

Oracle waits for all users to voluntarily disconnect before shutting down the instance. This is the default.

IMMEDIATE

Oracle summarily disconnects each user as soon as her current SQL statement completes. Open transactions are rolled back.

TRANSACTIONAL [LOCAL]

Oracle waits for each user to complete his current transaction and then disconnects him. Use LOCAL to wait only for local (as opposed to distributed) transactions.

ABORT

All background processes for the instance are immediately aborted. Crash recovery occurs the next time the database is open, or, if Oracle Parallel Server or Real Application Clusters are being used, one of the surviving instances recovers the one that was aborted.

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