The T-Carrier
The North American DS1 consists of 24 DS0 channels that are multiplexed. The signal is referred to as DS1, whereas the transmission channel over the copper-based facility is called a T1 circuit. The T-carrier is used in the United States, Canada, Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.
TDM circuits typically use multiplexers, such as channel service units/digital service units (CSUs/DSUs) or channel banks at the CPE (customer premises equipment) side, and they use larger programmable multiplexers, such as DACS and channel banks, at the carrier end. The T-carrier system is entirely digital, using PCM and TDM. The system uses four wires and provides duplex capability. The four-wire facility was originally a pair of twisted-pair copper wires, ...
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