3.4
Noise
3.4.1 Intrinsic noise
Thermal (Johnson or Nyquist*) noise
k Boltzmann’s constant 1.38 × 10−23J/K
T Absolute temperature
R Resistance
Δf Bandwidth
Power
e.g. 10k resistor at 300 K over a bandwidth of 10 kHz gives an rms noise figure of 1.3 μV
Noise power is proportional to T and Δf.
Thermal noise and shot noise are present at all frequencies and is called white noise. Noise may be reduced by reducing any terms in the expression, e.g. reducing the temperature, resistance and the bandwidth.
Strictly speaking, white noise is noise which ...
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