All platform services are exposed through the .NET Framework Class Library. So whether you want to make a window appear, read a file, open a network connection, parse an XML document, or use any of the other myriad features of the platform, you will do so by using one or more classes in the class library.
The class library is divided up into
namespaces
. For each area of the API, there is
an appropriate namespace, e.g., XML services are provided by the
System.Xml
namespace, GUI services are provided by
the
System.Windows.Forms
namespace, and graphical services are provided by the
System.Drawing
namespace. Namespaces are
hierarchical, and large namespaces are frequently subdivided into
several smaller namespaces, e.g., the design-time parts of the
Windows Forms API appear in the
System.Windows.Forms.Design
namespace.
Because the Class Library replaces large amounts of the Win32 API,
and also adds new functionality not previously available, it is large
and contains many namespaces. This book concentrates on the Windows
Forms namespace, and the related System.Drawing
namespace, although we will discuss other relevant classes as
necessary.
Windows
Forms is the name given to the parts of the .NET Framework Class
Libraries used for building rich client
applications, i.e., traditional GUI applications such as those built
using the MFC before .NET. Central to Windows Forms is the
Control
class, the foundation of all UI
applications and the subject of the next chapter. In fact, almost
everything that happens in a .NET UI application revolves around
controls, so most of the rest of the book is about controls.
GDI+ is the
successor to Win32’s GDI—it is the API used
for drawing. If a Windows Forms application wants to customize its
own appearance, it must use GDI+, so this API (which lives in the
System.Drawing
namespace) is a fundamental part of most .NET GUI development. It
provides a wide range of drawing facilities, including support for
text, bitmaps, metafiles, line drawing, Bezier curves, and filled
paths. It also provides advanced high-quality rendering features,
such as antialiasing support for all graphical output (as opposed to
just on text), and interpolation for bitmap resizing (both bilinear
and bicubic).
The rest of this book is devoted to describing how to use the classes in these Windows Forms and GDI+ namespaces.
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